Access SQL: basic concepts, vocabulary, and syntax – Microsoft Support.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Variables and constants declared within a procedure are available to that procedure only. A field that contains summarized data in PivotTable or PivotChart view. The part of PivotTable or PivotChart view that contains summary data. For more information about the available aggregate functions, see the article SQL Aggregate Functions.
 
 

 

Microsoft access 2016 basics vocabulary free

 

A control on a form or report that is used to display and manipulate OLE objects that are stored in tables. A control that is used on a form, report, or data access page to bind an image to an OLE Object field in an Access database or an image column in an Access project.

A control that is used on a data access page to bind HTML code to a Text or Memo field in an Access database or to a text, ntext, or varchar column in an Access project. You cannot edit the contents of a bound span control.

An Access tool that simplifies a task. For example, you can quickly create a complex expression by using the Expression Builder. In Access and earlier, a toolbar that is part of the Access user interface when it is installed on your computer. In contrast, a custom toolbar is one that you create for your own database application. In current versions of Access, toolbars are replaced by the Ribbon, which arranges commands in related groups on tabs.

In addition, you can add commands that you frequently use to the Quick Access Toolbar. A control that is used on a form, report, or data access page to display the result of an expression. The result is recalculated each time there is a change in any of the values on which the expression is based. A field, defined in a query, that displays the result of an expression rather than displaying stored data.

The value is recalculated each time a value in the expression changes. All modules that might be called by any procedure in the module in which code is currently running. The section on a grouped data access page that displays captions for columns of data. It appears immediately before the group header. You cannot add a bound control to a caption section.

The process of one action triggering another action. For example, when a cascading update relationship is defined for two or more tables, an update to the primary key in the primary table automatically triggers changes to the foreign table. For relationships that enforce referential integrity between tables, the deletion of all related records in the related table or tables when a record in the primary table is deleted.

A sequence of events caused by an event procedure directly or indirectly calling itself; also called an event cascade or a recursion. Be careful using cascading events, because they often result in stack-overflow or other run-time errors. For relationships that enforce referential integrity between tables, the updating of all related records in the related table or tables when a record in the primary table is changed.

A field that is displayed in the category area of PivotChart view. Items in a category field appear as labels on the category axis. A control that indicates whether an option is selected. A check mark appears in the box when the option is selected. Allows for business rules that span multiple tables. For example, the Order table could have a CHECK constraint that would prevent orders for a customer from exceeding a credit limit defined for the customer in the Customer table.

A module that can contain the definition for a new object. Each instance of a class creates a new object. Procedures defined in the module become properties and methods of the object. Class modules can exist alone or with forms and reports. The name used to refer to a class module. It consists of the name of the application used to create the OLE object, the object’s type, and, optionally, the version number of the application.

Example: Excel. A conflict that occurs during a batch update. A client reads data from the server and then attempts to modify that data in a batch update, but before the update attempt is executed, another client changes the original server data.

A location within a database table that stores a particular type of data. It is also the visual representation of a field in a datasheet and, in an Access database, the query design grid or the filter design grid. A field in the column area of PivotTable view. Items in column fields are listed across the top of a PivotTable list. Inner column fields are closest to the detail area; outer column fields are displayed above the inner column fields. The horizontal bar at the top of a column.

You can click a column selector to select an entire column in the query design grid or the filter design grid. A control used on a form that provides the combined functionality of a list box and a text box. You can type a value in a combo box, or you can click the control to display a list and then select an item from that list. A control that runs a macro, calls a Visual Basic function, or runs an event procedure.

A command button is sometimes called a push button in other programs. An operator that is used to compare two values or expressions. Filtering a field to show the top or bottom n items based on a total. For example, you could filter for the three cities that generated the most sales or the five products that are least profitable.

Formatting the contents of a control in a form or report based on one or more conditions. A condition can reference another control, the control with the focus, or a user-defined Visual Basic for Applications function. A condition that occurs if data has changed in the same record of two replica set members. When a conflict occurs, a winning change is selected and applied in all replicas, and the losing change is recorded as a conflict in all replicas.

A restriction placed on the value that can be entered into a column or a row. For example, values in the Age column cannot be less than 0 or greater than A control that makes it possible for a user to jump to a document, Web page, or object.

An example is a text box that is bound to a field that contains hyperlinks. A query that calculates a sum, average, count, or other type of total on records, and then groups the result by two types of information: one down the left side of the datasheet and the other across the top. In an Access database, a data type that is useful for calculations involving money or for fixed-point calculations in which accuracy is extremely important.

The record in a recordset from which you can modify or retrieve data. There can be only one current record in a recordset at any given time, but a recordset may have no current record — for example, after a record has been deleted from a dynaset-type recordset.

In an Access project, a data type you can use only for creating a cursor variable. This data type cannot be used for columns in a table. An item of a custom group field. A custom group contains two or more items from a row or column field. User-defined sort order. For example, you could define a custom sort order to display values in the EmployeeTitle column on the basis of the title’s seniority.

In Access and earlier versions, a toolbar that you create for your application. In contrast, a built-in toolbar is part of Access when it is installed on your computer.

You can use DAO objects, such as Database , TableDef , and Recordset , to represent objects that are used to organize and manipulate data, such as tables and queries, in code. A Web page designed for viewing and working with data from the Internet or an intranet.

Its data is typically stored in an Access database. Attributes of a data access page that identify the database to which the page is connected and define the page’s appearance and behavior. The part of PivotTable or PivotChart view that contains summary data. Values in the data area are displayed as records in PivotTable view and as data points in PivotChart view.

In Access, you create a data collection request and send it to users in a form contained in an e-mail message. Users then complete a form and return it to you. The fields in underlying tables and queries, and the expressions, that make up the record source for a data access page.

The language used to describe attributes of a database, especially tables, fields, indexes, and storage strategy. An SQL-specific query that can create, alter, or delete a table, or create or delete an index in a database. A field that contains summarized data in PivotTable or PivotChart view. A data field usually contains numeric data.

A label that provides additional information about a data marker, which represents a single data point or value. The language used to retrieve, insert, delete and update data in a database. A bar, area, dot, slice, or other symbol in a chart that represents a single data point or value.

Related data markers in a chart constitute a data series. Related data points that are plotted in a chart. Each data series in a chart has a unique color or pattern. You can plot one or more data series in a chart. The engine behind data access pages and Microsoft Office Web Components that manages the connection to the underlying data source.

The data source control has no visual representation. A set of objects that can include tables, queries, forms, reports, macros, and code modules that are designed to work together to make a database easier to use. A database application is typically deployed to a group of users. A graphical representation of any portion of a database schema. It can be either a whole or partial picture of the structure of the database. It includes tables, the columns they contain, and the relationships between the tables.

An Access database contains objects such as tables, queries, forms, reports, pages, macros, and modules. An Access project contains objects such as forms, reports, pages, macros, and modules.

The process of creating two or more special copies replicas of an Access database. Replicas can be synchronized, changes made to data in one replica, or design changes made in the Design Master, are sent to other replicas.

In Access and earlier, the window that appears when you open an Access database or an Access project. It displays shortcuts for creating new database objects and opening existing objects. In Access , the Database window is replaced by the Navigation Pane. These statements allow you to create or alter objects in the database.

Data from a table, form, query, view, or stored procedure that is displayed in a row-and-column format. A view that displays data from a table, form, query, view, or stored procedure in a row-and-column format. In Datasheet view, you can edit fields, add and delete data, and search for data. In Access , you can also modify and add fields to a table in Datasheet view. Any expression that can be interpreted as a date, including date literals, numbers that look like dates, strings that look like dates, and dates returned from functions.

Any sequence of characters with a valid format that is surrounded by number signs. Valid formats include the date format specified by the locale settings for your code or the universal date format.

Characters used to separate the day, month, and year when date values are formatted. The characters are determined by system settings or by using the Format function. In an Access project, a date and time data type that ranges from January 1, , to December 31, , to an accuracy of three-hundredths of a second, or 3.

A character set that uses 1 or 2 bytes to represent a character, allowing more than characters to be represented. You can specify the scale maximum number of digits and precision maximum total number of digits to the right of the decimal point.

You can specify the scale maximum total number of digits and precision maximum number of digits to the right of the decimal point. Nonexecutable code that names a constant, variable, or procedure, and specifies its characteristics, such as data type. For DLL procedures, declarations specify names, libraries, and arguments.

The section of a module containing declarations that apply to every procedure in the module. Join more than million people from all walks of life who have come to us to learn the essential skills they need to succeed. This video is amazing. You explained typography in a few sentences using this presentation.

Also as a designer, you have given us an idea and inspiration on what fonts are appropriate to use. Never thought that typography could be this deep.

Keep it up!! Julius M. As the list grows bigger, redundancies and inconsistencies begin to appear in the data. The data becomes hard to understand in list form, and there are limited ways of searching or pulling subsets of data out for review. Once these problems start to appear, it’s a good idea to transfer the data to a database created by a database management system DBMS , such as Access.

A computerized database is a container of objects. One database can contain more than one table. For example, an inventory tracking system that uses three tables is not three databases, but one database that contains three tables. Unless it has been specifically designed to use data or code from another source, an Access database stores its tables in a single file, along with other objects, such as forms, reports, macros, and modules.

Databases created in the Access format which is also used by Access, , Access and Access have the file extension. You can use Access , Access , Access , or Access to create files in earlier file formats for example, Access and Access A database table is similar in appearance to a spreadsheet, in that data is stored in rows and columns. As a result, it is usually quite easy to import a spreadsheet into a database table.

The main difference between storing your data in a spreadsheet and storing it in a database is in how the data is organized. To get the most flexibility out of a database, the data needs to be organized into tables so that redundancies don’t occur.

For example, if you’re storing information about employees, each employee should only need to be entered once in a table that is set up just to hold employee data. Data about products will be stored in its own table, and data about branch offices will be stored in another table. This process is called normalization. Each row in a table is referred to as a record. Records are where the individual pieces of information are stored. Each record consists of one or more fields.

Access and save documents to the cloud by connecting with a Microsoft Account for OneDrive or SharePoint or by connecting to a third-party cloud storage provider. Logging in with a personal Microsoft account or a work or school account connected to a Microsoft subscription will unlock premium features within the app. Achieve more while on the go with the help of Microsoft Data provided through the use of this store and this app may be accessible to Microsoft or the third-party app publisher, as applicable, and transferred to, stored and processed in the United States or any other country where Microsoft or the app publisher and their affiliates or service providers maintain facilities.

Safety starts with understanding how developers collect and share your data. Data privacy and security practices may vary based on your use, region, and age. The developer provided this information and may update it over time. No data shared with third parties Learn more about how developers declare sharing.

This app may collect these data types Location, Personal info and 7 others. Data is encrypted in transit. For more information about the available aggregate functions, see the article SQL Aggregate Functions. If you want to use criteria to limit your results, but the field that you want to apply criteria to is used in an aggregate function, you cannot use a WHERE clause. For example, if you only want the query to return rows if there are more than one e-mail addresses associated with the company, the HAVING clause might resemble the following:.

When you want to review all the data that is returned by several similar select queries together, as a combined set, you use the UNION operator. The SELECT statements that you combine must have the same number of output fields, in the same order, and with the same or compatible data types. When you run the query, data from each set of corresponding fields is combined into one output field, so that the query output has the same number of fields as each of the select statements.

Note: For the purposes of a union query, the Number and Text data types are compatible. When you use the UNION operator, you can also specify whether the query results should include duplicate rows, if any exist, by using the ALL key word. For example, suppose that you have a table named Products and another table named Services.

Both tables have fields that contain the name of the product or service, the price, warranty or guarantee availability, and whether you offer the product or service exclusively. Although the Products table stores warranty information, and the Services table stores guarantee information, the basic information is the same whether a particular product or service includes a promise of quality.

You can use a union query, such as the following, to combine the four fields from the two tables:. SQL syntax. Access SQL: basic concepts, vocabulary, and syntax. Notes: Access ignores line breaks in a SQL statement.

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The process of updating two members of a replica set by exchanging all updated records and objects in each member. Didn’t match my screen. Columns with the ntext data type store a byte pointer in the data row, and the data is stored separately. You enter a zero-length string by typing two double quotation marks with no space between them ” “. Used to display a title for a form, instructions for using the form, or command buttons that open related forms or carry out other tasks. A control that microsoft access 2016 basics vocabulary free whether an option is selected.